Working principle and characteristics of spring cone crusher

Introduction: The spring cone crusher is an efficient and reliable crushing equipment, widely used in environmental protection, mining, metallurgy, construction, and other fields. Its working principle is that it is driven by a motor, causing the moving cone to perform a swinging motion under the action of an eccentric sleeve, thereby squeezing and crushing the material. This equipment has the advantages of large crushing ratio, high efficiency, and strong processing capacity, capable of crushing materials of various hardnesses and producing finished products with uniform particle size. The following provides a detailed introduction to the working principle and characteristics of the spring cone crusher.

1. Application areas of spring cone crusher

Spring cone crushers are widely used in various fields such as environmental protection, mining, metallurgy, construction, and chemical industry. They are suitable for crushing materials of various hardness and properties, such as concrete, iron ore, copper ore, limestone, quartz, etc.

2. Structure of spring cone crusher

a. The spring cone crusher is mainly composed of a frame, a transmission device, an empty eccentric shaft, a bowl-shaped bearing, a crushing cone, an adjustment device, an adjustment sleeve, springs, and a hydraulic station for adjusting the discharge opening.

b. The casing of the spring cone crusher consists of two parts, the upper and lower sections, which are connected by bolts. A strong spring is fitted onto the bolt, which functions to prevent damage to the crusher (such as the main shaft) when metal or other hard objects fall into the crushing chamber. If metal pieces or other hard objects (such as nuts, drill bits, etc.) enter the crushing chamber along with the ore, the fixed cone is lifted, increasing the size of the ore discharge opening to allow them to be discharged.

c. When the spring cone crusher is working, the motor drives the eccentric sleeve to rotate through the elastic coupling, transmission shaft, and a pair of bevel gears, forcing the main shaft inside the eccentric sleeve to drive the crushing wall to perform a swinging motion, causing the crushing wall to approach and move away from the bowl wall alternately. The material is continuously squeezed, bent, and impacted in the crushing chamber and is crushed. The crushed material is discharged from the bottom discharge port under the action of its own weight.

3. Structural characteristics of spring cone crusher:

a. Increase eccentricity: enhance processing capacity.

b. Increase speed: Increase power and enhance crushing fineness.

c. Optimize the cavity design: Raise the center of the moving cone's swing.

d. Thickening of lining plate: Extends service life.

e. Precise adjustment: The hydraulic motor replaces the hydraulic push rod device, allowing for precise and continuous adjustment of the ore discharge port, and the cone assembly can be dismantled in 10 minutes.

f. High production: high content of fine ore.

g. High-strength material: Key components are made of high-strength materials, with an appropriate increase in weight for better reliability.

3. Working principle

The working principle of the spring cone crusher is driven by a motor, with gears interlocking to rotate the transmission shaft and gears, which in turn drive the eccentric sleeve to rotate. The moving cone performs a rotational pendulum motion under the action of the eccentric sleeve, and the moving cone and the fixed cone approach and deviate from each other, continuously squeezing or impacting the material to crush it. The main shaft of the crusher remains stationary, with only the spherical bearing supporting the crushing force. Due to the stationary main shaft of the crusher and the transmission of crushing force through the eccentric sleeve, this structure can withstand high crushing forces and is well suited for fine and ultra-fine crushing.

4. Technical advantages of spring cone crusher

High crushing efficiency: Due to its unique working principle and structural design, the spring cone crusher can achieve efficient crushing operations and handle a large amount of material.

Uniform particle size of product: By adjusting the shape and size of the crushing chamber and controlling the operating parameters of the crusher, a crushed product with uniform particle size and regular shape can be obtained.

Strong overload protection capability: The spring-cone crusher is equipped with a built-in spring safety system. When encountering unbreakable materials, the spring can automatically adjust and release pressure, protecting the equipment from damage.

Technical Parameter of the spring cone crusher：

5. Working characteristics of spring cone crusher

a. Continuous rotation of the moving cone: The crushing and discharging processes of materials occur alternately and continuously along the working surface, resulting in high productivity.

b. Uniform particle size: The product is cubic in shape, and the wear on the working surface of the moving cone is also relatively uniform.

c. Simple structure: The cone crusher is mainly composed of several parts, including the frame, horizontal shaft, moving cone, balance wheel, eccentric sleeve, upper crushing wall (fixed cone), lower crushing wall (moving cone), hydraulic coupler, lubrication system, hydraulic system, control system, etc.

d. Positive placement of the moving cone and the fixed cone: When the moving cone swings, near the discharge port of the crushing chamber, there is a parallel zone with equal gaps between the moving cone and the fixed cone, ensuring uniform particle size of the finished product.

e. Excellent sealing method: The cone crusher adopts two sealing methods, namely dry oil and water, to prevent dust and impurities from entering the machine body, thus ensuring the cleanliness of the lubricating oil, extending the service life of the sliding bearing and thrust ball bearing, and making the machine operate reliably.

PS: As an important crushing equipment, the spring cone crusher plays an irreplaceable role in practical applications.

Author : Serena Chang

Serena Chang is the writer of blog and news column. With more than 10 years of working experience in the machinery industry, she has a comprehensive understanding of environmental protection machinery and is willing to share useful knowledge of environmental protection machinery.