What types of equipment are required for the recycling and disposal of stale waste?

Preamble: Obsolete waste usually refers to the waste piled up in the landfill for a long time. This kind of waste may include construction waste, domestic waste, industrial waste, etc. It is often difficult to dispose of due to long-term exposure to the natural environment. Old garbage treatment is the process of cleaning and disposal of wastes stacked for a long time and not properly treated. Old garbage not only occupies a lot of land resources, but also may pollute the soil, water source and air due to improper management, posing a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health.

Efficient and environmentally friendly disposal of perishable waste is of particular importance. Environmental protection, resource recycling and other factors shall be taken into consideration for disposal of these wastes, and the equipment and technology used will be selected according to the specific situation. The following is a brief introduction to some common equipment used for waste disposal and their functions:

1.Excavating and loading machinery: Excavators, loaders, etc., are mainly used to excavate and load old refuse from the stockpile site to transport vehicles.

2.Screening equipment: the crushing and screening equipment is the first process of the aging waste treatment, mainly including the crusher and the screening machine. The crusher is used to crush large pieces of old refuse into smaller particles, providing convenience for subsequent treatment. The screening machine classifies the waste according to the particle size through the sieves of different sizes for further refinement. These devices help reduce the volume of waste and improve the efficiency of subsequent treatment. The screening technology separates materials of different sizes and properties, which facilitates the subsequent more refined treatment. For example, recyclable materials such as metals and plastics can be separated.

3.Crusher: for the waste with large volume or high hardness, the crusher can be used to reduce the volume for further treatment or reduce the occupation of space.

4.Magnetic separator: Magnetic separation equipment, such as magnetic separator, uses magnetic force to separate ferromagnetic substances from mixtures. The magnetic separator is mainly used to recycle metal materials, such as iron and steel, in the treatment of aged garbage. These metal materials have high recycling value and can realize the reutilization of resources through magnetic separation. It is specially designed for the selection of ferrous materials from mixtures to improve resource recovery.

5.Air separator: the air separator separates light materials (such as plastics and paper) from heavy materials (such as stones and bricks) by adjusting the wind speed and direction based on the principle of material specific gravity and aerodynamics. This equipment plays a role of fine classification in the treatment of obsolete garbage, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of classification. It can separate light and heavy materials under the action of wind, and is applicable to separate light materials such as paper and plastic film.

6.Compactor/Packager: reduce volume of certain types of waste by compression to facilitate storage or transportation.

Incinerator: for the part of garbage that is not suitable for direct landfill and cannot be recycled, the incineration method shall be adopted for harmless treatment. It should be noted that the emission standard must be strictly controlled when the incineration method is used to avoid secondary pollution.

7.Biological treatment facilities: biological treatment equipment mainly includes anaerobic digester and aerobic composting equipment. Anaerobic digesters are used to convert organics into biogas and digested residues in an anoxic environment, which can be used as energy. Aerobic composting equipment accelerates the decomposition of organic matters by controlling oxygen, temperature and humidity to produce high-quality compost. These equipment will help realize the recycling of old waste. Composting or other forms of bio-degradation techniques can be used to treat perishable waste with high organic content and transform it into fertilizer or other useful products.

8.Physicochemical equipment: Physicochemical equipment is mainly used for the treatment of organic matters or harmful substances that are difficult to be biodegradable. Through chemical reaction, these devices can stabilize or transform harmful substances into harmless state. In addition, some physical and chemical equipment can also be used to extract valuable components in garbage, such as precious metals.

9.Leachate treatment system: special sewage treatment facilities are required to purify the leachate generated from the landfill to prevent pollutants from entering the groundwater.

I1.ntelligent control system: the intelligent control system is the "brain" of the waste disposal equipment. Internet of things, big data and artificial intelligence technology are adopted, and the intelligent control system can realize remote monitoring, fault warning and automatic control of equipment operation status. This not only improves the treatment efficiency, but also reduces the operation cost, and ensures the safety and stability of the treatment process. Corresponding environmental monitoring equipment shall be equipped during the whole treatment process, such as gas detector and water quality analyzer, so as to ensure that the treatment process meets the environmental protection requirements. Each device has its specific application scenarios and functions, and multiple technologies and devices may be combined according to specific situations in actual operation to achieve the best processing effect. In addition, with the progress of technology, more efficient and environmentally friendly new technologies are being developed and applied to the field of waste disposal.

12.Pollution control equipment: pollution control equipment is an indispensable part in the process of waste disposal. These equipment include dust collector, waste gas treatment system, waste water treatment system, etc., which are used to control the dust, waste gas and waste water generated in the treatment process, ensure that the treatment process meets the environmental protection standards and reduce the negative impact on the environment.

13.Auxiliary transportation equipment: auxiliary transportation equipment such as conveyor belt, elevator, etc., used for transportation and storage of materials and packaging of final products. These equipment play a role of bridge and link in the process of waste treatment, and ensure the smooth connection between all treatment links.

PS: A series of mechanical equipment of integrated design are required for the treatment of old waste. These equipment work together to realize the classification, treatment and resource utilization of old waste. Through scientific and reasonable process flow and intelligent control technology, these equipment not only improve the processing efficiency, but also reduce the operating cost, and make contributions to building a sustainable society.

Author : Serena Chang

Serena Chang is the writer of blog and news column. With more than 10 years of working experience in the machinery industry, she has a comprehensive understanding of environmental protection machinery and is willing to share useful knowledge of environmental protection machinery.